New design simulation for a high-altitude dual-balloon system to extend lifetime and improve floating performance

This paper presents a comprehensive simulation for a high-altitude dual-balloon system which consists of zero- and super-pressure balloons. Preliminary calculations were established to describe the basic concept of the new integrated system. A mathematical model was investigated to simulate the ascending and floating processes which considered the atmospheric conditions and thermodynamic variations. Based on the simulation, results showed that the floating altitude stability between daytime and nighttime was improved. This integrated system supports higher floating altitude levels than those of ordinary balloons and extends the lifetime of floating balloon systems. Moreover, results demonstrated that the integrated system was lighter than ordinary balloons, saving useful weight for effective payload. Furthermore, exploiting the advantages of both kinds of balloons while avoiding the difficulties was a significant goal in the current design to promote the floating performance of high-altitude balloons technology.     

再入轨迹多约束模型预测静态凸规划方法

针对大升阻比可重复使用飞行器再入滑翔轨迹规划问题,提出了一种基于自适应分段Chebychev伪谱离散的多约束模型预测静态凸规划算法(P CMPCP),实现了全量终端状态约束及多过程约束作用下再入轨迹的高精度迭代解算。考虑倾侧角翻转导致控制量不连续,传统规划方法难以同时严格满足终端位置、角度约束,且过程约束易超限,采用自适应分段伪谱离散策略,构建全程飞行状态及过程性能指标约束对各配点处控制调整量的敏感度关系,从而将非线性最优控制问题转化为静态凸规划问题,并利用内点法对各分段控制量进行了协调优化。本文所提方法无需对动力学模型进行简化或近似处理,即能以少量积分运算使轨迹满足再入全量模型约束,且控制量平滑,数值精度优于传统规划方法。     

高超声速飞行器气动布局和轨道优化研究(英文)

提出了高超声速飞行器参数化模型,并在此基础上通过快速、高效的工程方法开展了初步的气动力计算。以类HTV-2布局为对象,开展了以升阻比和容积率为设计目标的气动布局优化研究;以类X-37布局为对象,开展了以航程和驻点总加热量为设计目标的弹道优化设计。采用加权求和的方法求解多目标优化问题。研究表明,通过优化可获得设计目标权重取不同值时的优化结果,各优化结果具有明显的不同,具体将哪一个优化结果作为最终的选择,主要依赖于设计者的需求。     

基于三维空域网格的低空飞行航迹战略规划方法

针对复杂低空环境下航空应急救援飞行安全问题,提出了一种基于三维空域网格的飞行航迹战略规划方法。将空域网格化分成多个飞行航迹节点,同时考虑地形、气象、飞行规则以及航空器性能等多种约束,使用改进的A*算法搜索单个航空器的最优飞行航迹。在单个航空器初始飞行航迹基础上,结合时间窗原理,提出两种方法解决了多机无冲突航迹战略规划问题。最后,通过案例仿真验证了方法的有效性。     

月地返回轨道误差分析和第一次中途修正时机

分析了月地返回飞行过程中的误差因素和量级采用蒙特卡洛法和统计理论,定量分析了月地返回轨道入轨时刻误差、入轨状态误差、入轨控制误差、转移段定轨误差、中途修正控制误差等各种误差对轨道终端参数的影响。给出了月地返回轨道中途修正的计算步骤,然后以预期再入时刻和目标再入点为修正目标,采用微分改正法计算中途修正所需的速度增量。结合误差分析结果和测控条件,给出第一次中途修正时机的建议和一个具体算例,计算结果表明所提中途修正方法和策略可以修正入轨误差、定轨误差和控制误差的影响,使月地返回轨道可以按预期的再入时刻返回预定再入点。     

基于高斯伪谱法的翼伞系统复杂多约束轨迹规划

翼伞系统在实际环境中飞行时易受到风场以及地形环境等复杂干扰的影响,无法精确归航,控制难度较大。针对该问题,提出了一种针对复杂多约束条件的翼伞系统的最优控制轨迹规划方法,可同时实现翼伞系统在复杂环境下逆风对准、精确着陆以及控制量全局最优的控制目标。首先,建立了风场干扰下的翼伞系统模型;然后,通过引入地形环境曲面,将复杂环境转化为实时路径约束,将轨迹着陆偏差以及逆风雀降转化为终端约束,并考虑控制量消耗最小为目标函数,以此将复杂环境下的翼伞系统的轨迹优化转化为一系列非线性的带有复杂约束的最优控制问题;最后,采用高斯伪谱法将多约束最优控制问题转化为易于求解的非线性规划问题。通过设立3组复杂环境仿真实例和实验验证,表明本文方法使翼伞系统在多种较恶劣的复杂环境中有效应对多类约束条件,规划出控制量全局最优的可行轨迹。与已有的混沌粒子群优化算法相比,本文方法具有较好的最优性和较高的精度。     

风场中基于神经网络的炸弹弹道落点拟合分析

介绍了两种炸弹弹道落点拟合神经网络模型,对各模型的优缺点以及处理结果进行了分析。提出了采用广义回归神经网络来处理炸弹弹道落点拟合问题,弹道的落点参数、初始投放条件与风场可通过神经网络的阈值和权值来表现。仿真结果表明,应用广义回归神经网络进行弹道落点拟合,具有算法可行性好、拟合精度高、速度快等优点,而且运算简单;该方法在实战中有很高的参考价值和工程实用价值。     

Hybrid optimization for multiple-impulse reconfiguration trajectories of satellite formation flying

A hybrid optimization method is developed for fuel-optimal reconfigurations of a group of satellites flying in formation. The genetic algorithm performs a global search to find two-impulse trajectories, and primer vector analysis finds multiple-impulsive local optimal trajectories with the two-impulse trajectories as initial guesses. Hybrid optimization finds globally optimal trajectories for formation reconfigurations, including formation resizing, reassignment and reorientation maneuvers. Multiple-impulse trajectories reduce the fuel consumption from the two-impulse trajectories by up to 4.4% for those maneuvers. In real missions, satellites can follow two-impulse trajectories to gain the advantage of a smaller number of impulses, with the cost of slightly more propellant. The qualitative characteristics of the optimal trajectories are analyzed from the number of optimal trajectories found by hybrid optimization.     

3-D position estimation of isolated target and optimal trajectory choice in parasitic synthetic aperture radar

Bistatic SAR (BSAR) systems have recently been the subject of several studies, but little attention has been given to the potential of the location of targets. In the paper, the performance of the estimation of 3-D position of a target (TPE) in parasitic SAR is obtained analytically and illustrated by computer simulation using ambiguity function analysis, and the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) approach. It was shown that by using a multi look parasitic BSAR all three coordinates of an isolated point target (IPT) could be evaluated. Analytical closed form equations that characterize the measurement accuracy were derived. In the final these equations will be used to demonstrate various cases of more practical, including optimal trajectories choice under any geometry configuration case, moreover, the conclusion is verified via Matlab.     

基于Matlab Simulink的弹道仿真方法

弹道仿真软件有助于飞航导弹武器飞行试验结果的分析与评定。为此,设计了基于Matlab Simulink的弹道仿真计算方法,建立了六自由度空间弹道数学模型,利用导弹相关的气动数据和控制参数测试了算法,实现了软件,仿真结果证明了该模型的准确性和可信度。